Estimated reading time: 12 minutes
Key Takeaways
- Armed security guards require advanced training, thorough vetting, and must meet strict legal standards.
- Eligibility includes minimum age, clean criminal record, and sound physical & mental fitness.
- The process spans from research, basic and armed training, state licensing, and job placement to credential maintenance.
- State-specific regulations (DC, MD, VA, WV) determine the steps and training requirements.
- Total timeline is typically 1-3 months; costs range from $500-$2000 (may be less with employer sponsorship).
- Career paths offer advancement to leadership and specialist roles.
Understanding the Role of an Armed Security Guard
Armed security guards aren't just unarmed guards with weapons—they're specially trained professionals with heightened responsibilities and legal obligations.
- Patrolling and monitoring premises
- Controlling access to secured locations
- Responding to alarms and emergencies
- Detaining individuals who pose immediate threats
- Documenting security incidents
- Deterring criminal activity through visible presence
Armed guards typically work in high-risk environments such as financial institutions, government facilities, executive protection, high-value retail, and more. Professional conduct matters—even minor lapses can have major legal and career consequences.
Minimum Requirements to Become an Armed Security Guard
- Age: Typically 21+
- Legal status: U.S. citizen or authorized to work
- Education: High school diploma or GED
- Clean record: No felonies or disqualifying misdemeanors
- Drug-free: Pass screening
- Physical/Mental fitness: Vision, hearing, mobility, sound judgment
Soft skills such as de-escalation, communication, observation, and professionalism are highly valued. Being physically fit and mentally stable is necessary, as the work is both demanding and unpredictable.
Legal and Ethical Considerations
Armed security work is strictly regulated by both federal and state law. Certain backgrounds automatically disqualify:
- Felony convictions
- Domestic violence convictions
- Dishonorable discharge
- History of mental health institutionalization
- Active restraining orders
- Drug-related convictions
“Carrying a firearm professionally means accepting a profound responsibility. The decision to use deadly force is irreversible.”
Ethical standards:
- Minimum force only
- Respect for privacy and rights
- Confidentiality of security information
- Reporting misconduct
- No abuse of authority
Step-by-Step Process to Becoming an Armed Security Guard
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| 1. Research State/ Local Requirements | Check your state's specific armed security guard certification requirements and agencies for details. |
| 2. Complete Basic Unarmed Training | Take foundational security courses (8-47 hrs). Covers legal, patrol, emergency, and reporting basics. |
| 3. Pass Background Checks | Includes FBI fingerprinting, state checks, drug, and employment verification. |
| 4. Enroll in Armed Training | Receive instruction in firearm safety (DCJS-certified programs), legal use, and tactical response (8-24 hrs), then qualify at the range. |
| 5. Obtain Licenses & Permits | Apply with proof of training, fingerprint cards, photo ID, and pay fees. Some states require additional weapons or concealed carry permits. |
| 6. Secure Employment | Apply to licensed firms, highlighting specialized training and relevant experience. |
| 7. Maintain Certification | Renew licenses, complete ongoing training, and document continued firearm proficiency (typically annually). |
- Tip: Some companies sponsor qualified candidates for part or all of the process in exchange for a work commitment.
State-by-State Overview
| Region | Key Requirements |
|---|---|
| Washington DC | 40 hours basic + 24 hours firearms training; SORA registration; strict firearm policy; annual renewal/CE required. |
| Maryland | 47 hours basic + 20 hours firearms; Handgun Permit (via Maryland State Police); biennial renewal with CE. |
| Virginia | 40 hours basic + 16 hours firearms; Regulated by DCJS; 2-year renewal with in-service training. |
| West Virginia | Lower entry bar; no state-wide security guard license but firearm permits required; Some local licensing and limited reciprocity with neighbors. |
Costs and Timeline
| Item | Cost Range |
|---|---|
| Basic training | $100 - $300 |
| Armed guard training | $200 - $500 |
| Licensing & application fees | $50 - $300 |
| Background check/fingerprinting | $50 - $100 |
| Equipment (holster, belt, vest) | $100 - $300 |
| Firearm (if not provided) | $400 - $800 |
Timeline: Typically 1-3 months, depending on state processing times, course scheduling, and background checks.
Some employers, like Georgetown Protective Services, may offset training and licensing costs for selected candidates.
Career Growth and Next Steps
| Vertical Advancement | Specialized Paths | Certifications |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
Professional organizations like ASIS International offer resources for networking, education, and professional development.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I use my military service to waive training requirements?
Some states grant partial waivers for veterans with MP or combat arms backgrounds; always check with the state authority.
Q: How much do armed security guards earn?
National averages are 25-50% higher than unarmed guards. In the DC/MD/VA area: starting at $18-25/hr; experienced roles up to $35/hr+.
Q: Can I work armed security with a prior misdemeanor?
Depends on the charge and how long ago it was. Domestic violence convictions are automatic disqualifiers. Consult state law or an attorney for details.
Q: Do I need my own firearm?
Some companies provide duty weapons; others require you to purchase from an approved list. Georgetown Protective Services supplies firearms to ensure standardization.
Q: Can I work in multiple states?
Licenses generally do not transfer. Most states, including DC, Maryland, and Virginia, require a separate armed license for each jurisdiction.
Conclusion
Becoming an armed security guard is a demanding—but highly rewarding—career path. The process requires significant effort in training, legal vetting, and professionalism, but brings steady demand, good pay, and opportunities for advancement. For more information, or to explore opportunities at our Disabled Veteran owned company, contact Georgetown Protective Services for tailored guidance. Requirements can change—always verify the latest with your state's licensing authority before you begin.
This guide was prepared by the training specialists at Georgetown Protective Services—providing executive protection and comprehensive security solutions throughout Washington DC, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia.
